Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is common (∼20–40%) in patients with heart failure (HF), and is associated with worse symptoms and quality of life, a greater burden of HF hospitalisation, and higher mortality rates compared to patients without T2DM.
Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) and its related phenotypes.
Heart failure is the leading cause of premature morbidity and mortality in adults with CHD (ACHD).
As cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases remain a major cause of death globally, it is necessary to identify all their risk factors to improve public health and reduce their societal burden.
As cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases remain a major cause of death globally, it is necessary to identify all their risk factors to improve public health and reduce their societal burden.
Even though the prognosis after myocardial infarction (MI) has improved much over recent decades due to improved and faster revascularization, platelet inhibition, and device therapy, a proportion of post-acute MI (AMI) patients with additional risk factors remain at high risk, with 5-year mortality ranging from 15% to 45% depending on the population.
