
Conclusion:
The burden of phenotype of CVD is shifting with growing prevalence of the cardiovascular kidney metabolic syndrome. Absolute risk assessment with the goal to match type and intensity of interventions with predicted risk and expected treatment benefit remains the cornerstone of primary prevention. PREVENT accurately and precisely predicts risk for CVD, ASCVD and HF, particularly in persons living with diabetes and/or CKD. Future research should focus on global validation and evidence-based implementation of statins and more broadly CKM therapies.