The study investigates the feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of a high-intensity exercise programme for patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Historically, individuals with HCM were advised to avoid intense physical activity due to concerns about sudden cardiac death. However, recent research suggests that exercise might be safer than previously thought, prompting the need for further investigation.
Methods
A total of 80 participants (ages 16-60) with HCM were randomized into two groups: one undergoing a 12-week supervised high-intensity exercise programme (n = 40), and the other receiving usual care (n = 40). The exercise group was also evaluated six months after programme completion. Researchers assessed feasibility (recruitment, adherence, and resource availability), safety (arrhythmia-related events), and secondary outcomes such as cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiovascular risk factors, and psychological well-being.
Results
- Feasibility: 67 participants (84%) completed the study. Reasons for dropouts included work, travel, and family commitments.
- Safety: There was no significant difference in arrhythmia-related events between groups, indicating that high-intensity exercise does not increase cardiac risk.
- Fitness Improvements: At 12 weeks, the exercise group showed notable gains, including increased peak oxygen consumption (+4.1 mL/kg/min) and time to anaerobic threshold (+2.3 mL/kg/min).
- Cardiovascular Benefits: The exercise group experienced reduced systolic blood pressure (-7.3 mmHg) and a lower body mass index (-0.8 kg/m²).
- Psychological Outcomes: Anxiety and depression scores improved significantly in the exercise group compared to the usual care group.
- Long-Term Impact: Many of the exercise benefits diminished after six months, suggesting that continued participation in high-intensity exercise is necessary to maintain gains.
Conclusion
The study confirms that high-intensity exercise is feasible and offers cardiovascular and psychological benefits for patients with HCM without increasing arrhythmia risk. However, a larger study is needed to assess the long-term safety and sustainability of these benefits.
Source: academic.oup.com/eurheartj/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurheartj/ehae919/8050766
